Maven 部署项目到 Tomcat

作者：範宗雲来源：原创发布时间：2015-04-29 归档：maven

环境： JDK 7 Maven 3 Tomcat 7 Eclipse Luna

首先需要配置好一个 Tomcat 的账户, 并给该账户分配管理权限的角色：

tomcat-users.xml

	    	<tomcat-users>

			  <role rolename="manager-gui"/>
			  <role rolename="manager-script"/>
			  <user username="admin" password="admin" roles="manager-gui,manager-script"/>

			</tomcat-users>

角色列表可在 %tomcat7%\webapps\manager\WEB-INF\web.xml 配置文件中找到, 下面是摘自其中的一个片段：

	    	<security-constraint>
			    <web-resource-collection>
			      <web-resource-name>HTML Manager interface (for humans)</web-resource-name>
			      <url-pattern>/html/*</url-pattern>
			    </web-resource-collection>
			    <auth-constraint>
			       <role-name>manager-gui</role-name>
			    </auth-constraint>
			  </security-constraint>
			  <security-constraint>
			    <web-resource-collection>
			      <web-resource-name>Text Manager interface (for scripts)</web-resource-name>
			      <url-pattern>/text/*</url-pattern>
			    </web-resource-collection>
			    <auth-constraint>
			       <role-name>manager-script</role-name>
			    </auth-constraint>
			  </security-constraint>
			  <security-constraint>
			    <web-resource-collection>
			      <web-resource-name>JMX Proxy interface</web-resource-name>
			      <url-pattern>/jmxproxy/*</url-pattern>
			    </web-resource-collection>
			    <auth-constraint>
			       <role-name>manager-jmx</role-name>
			    </auth-constraint>
			  </security-constraint>
			  <security-constraint>
			    <web-resource-collection>
			      <web-resource-name>Status interface</web-resource-name>
			      <url-pattern>/status/*</url-pattern>
			    </web-resource-collection>
			    <auth-constraint>
			       <role-name>manager-gui</role-name>
			       <role-name>manager-script</role-name>
			       <role-name>manager-jmx</role-name>
			       <role-name>manager-status</role-name>
			    </auth-constraint>
			  </security-constraint>

Role	Desc
manager-gui	允许访问 /manager/html 页面接口 ( Manager App ), 以及 Server Status 页面
manager-status	只允许访问 Server Status 页面
manager-script	允许访问 /manager/text 文本接口, 以及 Server Status 页面
manager-jmx	允许访问 jmx 代理接口, 以及 Server Status 页面

更多详细信息可参考：http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/manager-howto.html

maven settings.xml 配置 Tomcat 服务账户

			<servers>
			  <server>
			    <id>tomcat</id>
			    <username>admin</username>
			    <password>admin</password>
			  </server>
			</servers>

项目 pom.xml 配置

			<build>
		      <plugins>
		        <plugin>
		          <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
		          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
		          <version>2.2</version>
		          <configuration>
		            <server>tomcat</server>
		            <url>http://localhost:8081/manager/text</url>
		          </configuration>
		        </plugin>
		      </plugins>
		    </build>

这里的 server 需与 settings.xml 中 tomcat server id 一致, 这样才能找到服务的账号和密码。url 指定到你的 /manager/text 接口路径, 注意不能是 /manager/html 接口路径, /manager/html 接口部署会报 403 的错误。

一切准备妥当, 启动 Tomcat, 执行 mvn tomcat7:redeploy 即可部署项目到外部 Tomcat 服务。

[INFO] . . . . . .
[INFO] <<< tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:redeploy (default-cli) < package @ simapp <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:redeploy (default-cli) @ simapp ---
[INFO] Deploying war to http://localhost:8081/simapp
Uploading: http://localhost:8081/manager/text/deploy?path=%2Fsimapp&update=true
Uploaded: http://localhost:8081/manager/text/deploy?path=%2Fsimapp&update=true (3 KB)
[INFO] tomcatManager status code:200, ReasonPhrase:OK
[INFO] OK - Deployed application at context path /simapp
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

更多 goals 信息可参考：http://tomcat.apache.org/maven-plugin-2.2/context-goals.html